Sociology 2: Final Exam Review Sheet

The final exam will cover all material (readings, lecture, section, videos) since the start of the quarter. However, the final exam will focus most on material addressed after midterm (Weeks 6-10). The list of major ideas and concepts, below, is a guide to aid your preparation.

Final exam time: Tuesday, June 10, 10:30-12:30pm

I. Globalization and Governance

Governance

-- Criticisms of global governance (Ellwood; also Held & McGrew p. 72-end)

Sovereignty

Challenges to sovereignty resulting from globalization

-- “golden straightjacket”, “race to the bottom”, etc.

Elwood’s recommendations for “Redesigning the Global Economy” (Chapter 7)

-- How to reform IMF, tax on speculation, control capital, fair trade

Greico & Ikenberry: Consequences of economic globalization for national governance

-- Golden straightjacket, race to the bottom, loss of national cultural autonomy

IGOs – Inter-governmental organizations

INGOs – International Non-governmental Organizations

Global civil society

-- Ways civil society influences governance (lecture; Wapner)

-- Global social movements

Social movements: why they succeed; resource mobilization, political opportunities, framing (lecture)

-- also: why “grievances” are insufficient to explain social movements

-- Global environmental movement: examples of resource mobilization, political opportunities, framing

II. Theories

Be able to: identify main claims; summarize research findings (if any), understand basic criticisms; Also, be able to “think” from each perspective and apply them to examples (ex: how do different theories view the role of international organizations?).

World-System Theory (WST)

-- Modernization theory; WST criticisms of modernization theory (lecture, Chirot & Hall)

-- Core, periphery, semi-periphery, dependence, trade & investment concentration, “underdevelopment”

-- Views on impact of trade & investment; contrast w/standard Ricardian view

-- Strategies for peripheral countries

-- WST research findings; Criticisms of WST (Lecture; Chirot & Hall)

World Polity Theory (WPT)

-- Culture-based theory of action (as opposed to interest-based)

-- Culture as: norms, scripts, cognitive models

-- The “world polity”; isomorphism

-- Evidence in support; criticisms.

Realism

-- Basic premise of the theory; Anarchy

-- Criticisms of complex interdependence (lecture; Waltz)

-- Things it explains well; things it doesn’t; Keohane & Nye’s criticisms of realism

Complex Interdependence

-- 3 Characteristics of interdependence (lecture; Keohane & Nye)

-- Role of international organizations; benefits for weak states

-- Criticisms of complex interdependence (lecture; Waltz)

-- Soft power

Sikkink “Transnational Politics, International Relations Theory & Human Rights”

-- Criticisms of realism; importance of “norms”

III. Culture, Identity, and Conflict

Globalization and culture

-- Perspectives on culture from modernization, WST, WPT

-- Hannerz: Scenarios for peripheral culture (homogenization vs. hybridization)

-- Responses to cultural globalization: Opting out; reactionary movements (traditional & modern)

-- Kurzman: Traditional vs. modern Islamic movements

Culture, Identity, and Conflict

-- Perspectives on identity: primordial vs. social construction

-- The role of identity in conflict: Huntington vs. Bowen/Hironaka

Hironaka: The role of weak states in civil war; unimportance of ethnicity/identiy

Al Qaeda as a modern social movement

-- Strategies to fight Al Qaeda (lecture; Telvick reading)

The Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan

-- The “Bush Revolution” in foreign policy

-- Be able to apply Hironaka’s “weak state” argument to Iraq/Afghanistan

-- Also: Frontline videos: Afghanistan, Iraq, and Pakistan as weak states

-- Costs of the Iraq war